Study of the impact of clicks and murmurs on cardiac sounds S1 and S2 through bispectral analysis

Abstract This paper presents a study of the impact clicks, and murmurs on cardiac sound S1, S2, measure severity degree through synchronization between frequencies, using bispectral analysis. The algorithm is applied three groups Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal: group A represents PCG signals having morphology similar to that normal signal without click or murmur, B with (reduced murmur), C represent murmurs. proposed permits us evaluate quantify relationship two sounds S1 S2 one hand sounds, murmur other hand. obtained results show clicks can affect both heart vice versa. shows works in perfect harmony frequencies are not accidentally generated; but they generated by same generator system. It might also suggest causes others. determine degree. high values C; indicating degrees, low for B, zero A. compared Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) continuous wavelet transform (CWT) Although STFT provide correctly time, it can’t distinguish internal components which successfully determined CWT, which, turn, cannot find them. was evaluated energetic ratio. very satisfactory good discrimination groups. We conclude algorithms (STFT, analysis) complementary facilitate approach better understand